DA order by Hon’ble High Court, Calcutta

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA 

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION 

APPELLATE SIDE 

PRESENT: 

THE HON’BLE JUSTICE HARISH TANDON 

& 

THE HON’BLE JUSTICE RABINDRANATH SAMANTA

WPST 102 OF 2020 

THE STATE OF WEST BENGAL & ORS. 

-Vs 

CONFEDERATION OF STATE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES, WEST BENGAL &  ORS. 

Mr. S.N. Mookherjee, Learned Advocate General, 

Mr. Amitesh Banerjee,Adv. 

Mr. Debasish Ghosh, Adv. 

Mr. Shayak Chakraborty, Adv. 

 â€Ļ.. for the Petitioners  

Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya,Senior Advocate. 

Mr. Firdous Samim, Adv. 

Ms. Gopa Biswas, Adv. 

Ms. Mousumi Hazra, Adv. 

 â€Ļ.. for the respondent no. 1 

Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya, Senior Advocate. 

Mr. Prabir Chatterjee,Adv. 

Mr. Dilip Chatterjee,Adv. 

Mr. Durga Bhusan Mukherjee, Adv. 

Ms. Debolina Bannerjee, Adv. â€Ļ.for the respondent no.2

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Mr. Kallol Basu, Adv. 

Mr. Suman Banerjee, Adv. 

Mr. Rohitendra Chandra Deb, Adv. 

Mr. Guddu Singh, Adv. 

 â€Ļ. For the added respondents 

  

Heard On : 29.04.2022 

Judgment on : 20.05.2022 

Rabindranath Samanta, J:- 

1. This writ petition has been filed by the petitioners the State of  West Bengal through the Chief Secretary and the Principal  Secretary, Finance Department, Government of West Bengal, challenging the judgment and order dated 26.07.2019 passed  by the West Bengal Administrative Tribunal (hereinafter referred  to as the Tribunal) in O.A. No. 1154 of 2016. 

2. Disgruntled at the inaction and discriminatory action on the  part of the State towards grant of Dearness Allowance to its  employees in terms of the West Bengal Services (Revision of Pay  and Allowance) Rules, 2009 (in short ROPA Rules, 2009) the  respondents Confederation of State Government Employees,  West Bengal, Unity Forum, an organisation of the salaried  employees of the State Government and two others namely  Indranil Mitra and Gopal Majumder of the unions brought the  aforesaid original application seeking the following reliefs:- 

“ a. A direction upon the respondents authorities to  forthwith release the 50 % dearness allowance which is  due upto January, 2006 immediately within a period of 1  (one) month from the date of receiving of the order;

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b. A direction upon the respondent authorities to  immediately comply with the report and the  recommendations of the 5th Pay Commission Report  positively and without fail within a period of 1(one) month  from the communication of the order; 

c. A direction upon the respondent authorities to  release the 50% of Dearness Allowances as the State  Government without releasing the 50% Dearness  Allowances for mere eye-wash set up a 6th Pay Commission  who recommended for 10% interim relief upon the basic  pay. But, no whisper about due 50% Dearness Allowances  and unless the Court intervenes into it there may be every  possibility of forfeiture of that 50% due Dearness  Allowances which is the penultimate goal and gain of the  State Government and the applicants will suffer  irreparable loss and injury; 

d. The applicants pray for relief order directing the  respondent authorities to grant 50% of the Dearness  Allowances as that of the Central Government with arrear  upto January, 2016 within a period of two weeks from the  date of order; 

e. Costs pertaining to this application and  incidental thereto; 

f. Such other further order or orders as Your  Lordships may deem fit and proper.” 

3. By the order dated 16.02.2017 the Learned Tribunal dismissed  the application recording the following observations:-

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“ i. Payment of Dearness Allowance to the employees  of the Government of West Bengal was absolute  prerogative falling within the discretionary domain of the  Employer (read the State government) and inaction and/or  refusal on the part of former cannot result in denial of an  accrued right of the Employee for getting Dearness  Allowance; 

ii. Though part of the recommendation of 5th Pay  Commission might have been acted upon, it did not entail  that as a necessary corollary the same had to be carried  out to its logical conclusion; 

iii. The issue of discrimination in the matter of  payment of Dearness Allowance to the Employees of the  State of West Bengal with their counterparts serving in  Banga Bhawan at New Delhi and in Youth Hostel at  Chennai including the Employees of West Bengal State  Electricity Development Corporation, could not be grappled  and no analogy on the basis of the same could be derived  in this context.” 

4. Feeling aggrieved by the order of dismissal of the application the  respondent Nos. 1 to 4 preferred a writ petition being WPST No.  45 of 2017 before this Court and a Co-ordinate Division Bench  by the judgment dated 31.08.2018 set aside the order of the 

Tribunal and remanded the matter back to the Tribunal for  fresh adjudication on some issues framed by the Division  Bench. 

5. To discern the observations made by the learned co-ordinate  Division Bench and the issues framed by it for adjudication it 

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will be apposite to excerpt the relevant observations which are  as under:- 

“ 82. In view of the discussions and observations made  hereinabove, I sum up as follows:- 

i) The claim of the employees serving under the  Government of West Bengal for Dearness  Allowance is based on legally enforceable right on  the all employees serving under the Government of  West Bengal up to such extent of the  recommendations of the 5th Pay Commission  which has been accepted by the Government of  West Bengal by virtue of the provisions of sub rule(1) Rule 12 of ROPA Rules, 2009 read with  paragraph 10 of the clarificatory memorandum  bearing no. 1691-F dated February 23, 2009 on  ROPA Rules, 2009 issued by the Government of  West Bengal, Finance Department, Audit Branch,  and paragraph 3 of memorandum bearing No.  1692-F dated February 23, 2009 in the matter of  drawl of Dearness Allowance in revised pay  structure under the ROPA Rules, 2009 issued by  the Government of West Bengal, Finance  Department, Audit Branch. 

ii) The claim of the employees serving under the  Government of West Bengal to get Dearness  Allowance at a rate equivalent to that of the  employees of the Central Government requires  adjudication upon consideration of the relevant  materials on record for the purpose indicated  hereinabove.

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iii) The claim of the employees serving under the  Government of West Bengal for Dearness  Allowance at a rate equivalent to that of the  employees discharging their functions in Banga  Bhawan at New Delhi and in Youth Hostel at  Chennai requires consideration of the materials  which may be brought on record by the  Government of West Bengal for adjudication of the  issue of arbitrariness in payment of Dearness  Allowance at differential rates. 

83. The aforesaid second and third issues,  namely, (i) Whether the claim of the employees  serving under the Government of West Bengal for  Dearness Allowance at a rate equivalent to that of  the employees of the Central Government, and (ii)  Whether the discrimination in the matter of  payment of Dearness Allowance to the Employees  of the State of West Bengal with their  counterparts serving in Banga Bhawan at New  Delhi and in Youth Hostel at Chennai, which  require adjudication after bringing relevant  materials on record, cannot be done in this writ  application acting as a Court of first instance in  view of the principles of law settled in the matter  of L.Chandra Kumar Vs. Union of India, reported  in AIR 1997 SC 1225. The Learned Tribunal is the  appropriate forum to discharge the above function  as a Court of first instance. 

84. As a consequence the order impugned to this  writ application stands quashed and set aside 

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remanding the matter back to the learned  Tribunal for adjudication of the aforesaid two  issues, namely (i) Whether the claim of the  employees serving under the Government of West  Bengal for Dearness Allowance at a rate  equivalent to that of the employees of the Central  Government, and (ii) Whether the discrimination  in the matter of payment of Dearness Allowance to  the Employees of the State of West Bengal with  their counterparts serving in Banga Bhawan at  New Delhi and Youth Hostel in Chennai, on its  merit without being influenced by its earlier  observations made in the order impugned to this  writ application.” 

6. Dissatisfied with the judgment and order dated 31.08.2018  passed by the Co-ordinate Division Bench the petitioners herein  filed review application being R.V.W.No. 159 of 2018 seeking  review of the judgment. It appears that by a judgment dated  07.03.2019 the review application preferred by the petitioners was  dismissed. However, on the prayer of the learned Advocate  General, the Co-ordinate Division Bench allowed the petitioners  time to file the affidavit-in-opposition before the Tribunal by a  period of three weeks from date, reply if any, one week thereafter.  By the order the Tribunal was requested to expeditiously hear and  decide the matter preferably within a period of two months from  date. 

7. In compliance with the directions made by a Co-ordinate Bench  in WPST No. 45 of 2017 and RVW No. 159 of 2018, the learned  Tribunal heard the original application No. 1154 of 2016 and on  consideration of the materials placed before it disposed of the 

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application vide the judgment and order dated 26.07.2019. In the  judgment the following directions were made by the learned  Tribunal :- 

“ The respondent No. 1, Chief Secretary to the Government of  West Bengal is directed to evolve norms/principles within a  period of three months from the date of this order for release  of DA on the basic pay of the State Government employees  fixed in terms of ROPA Rules, 2009 by taking into  consideration inflation on the basis of AICPI number  (1982=100), so that DA can be paid to the State Government  employees at least twice in a year till the date of giving effect  to the recommendation of 6th Pay Commission set up by the  Government of West Bengal for its employees. The respondent  no. 1 is directed to implement the norms/principles evolved as  per direction of the Tribunal within a period of six months  from the date of the order. The respondent No. 1 is further  directed to make payment of arrears of DA on the basic pay  to the State Government employees by taking into account  level of inflation on the basis of AICPI number (1982=100) by  following the norms/principles evolved as per direction of the  Tribunal within a period of one year from the date of this  order or before giving effect to the recommendation of 6th Pay  Commission set up by the Government of West Bengal,  whichever is earlier. The respondent No.1 is at liberty to  decide the mode and manner of payment of arrears of DA to  the State Government employees within the period of time  fixed by us. The respondent No. 1 is also directed not to give  any effect to the office orders/memorandums issued for  payment of DA to the State Government employees posted in  New Delhi and Chennai at a rate payable to the employees of 

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the Central Government, but the respondent No.1 will not  make any recovery for excess payment of salary to those  State Government employees. The respondent No.1 is at  liberty to give incentive to the State Government employees  working in New Delhi and Chennai by payment of special  allowance or any other allowances as the State Government  may deem fit and proper. With the above directions, the  original application stands disposed of.” 

8. What we find from the judgment dated 31.08.2018 passed by  Co-ordinate Bench in WPST No. 45 of 2017 and having withstood  the test in the review application being RVW, it has been held by  the Co-ordinate Bench in unambiguous term that the claim of the  employees serving under the Government of West Bengal for  Dearness Allowance is based on legally enforceable right on all the  employees serving under the Government of West Bengal up to  such extent of the recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission  which has been accepted by the Government of West Bengal by  virtue of provisions of sub-rule (1) Rule 12 of ROPA Rules, 2009  read with paragraph 10 of the clarificatory memorandum being No.  1691-F dated February 23, 2009 on ROPA Rules, 2009 issued by  the Government of West Bengal, Finance Department, Audit  Branch, and paragraph 3 of memorandum bearing No. 1692-F  dated February 23, 2009 in the matter of drawl of Dearness  Allowance in a revised pay structure under the ROPA Rules, 2009  issued by the Government of West Bengal, Finance Department,  Audit Branch. As against such finding/direction of the Co-ordinate  Bench, no appeal has been preferred by the petitioners before any  higher forum. Therefore, this finding/direction of the Division  Bench has attained finality.

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9. Now, the seminal question involved in the instant matter is  whether the judgment and the order passed by the learned  Tribunal to adjudicate the aforesaid two issues in favour of the  employees is sustainable ? 

10. Before we consider the question as posed, the background  facts, shorn of details, may be delineated as under :- 

The State of West Bengal set up 5th Pay Commission in the year  2008 to examine the structure of emoluments of all employees  under the control of the Government of West Bengal and to make  recommendation on certain issues including principles for grant of  Dearness Allowance with reference to the cost of living index. The  5th Pay Commission made various recommendations including  revision of pay and allowances including Dearness Allowances to  be paid to the employees of different departments of the  Government and submitted its report to the State Government. The  State Government accepted the recommendation of the Pay  Commission by making Rules viz., ROPA Rules, 2009. These Rules  provide for giving allowances viz., Dearness Allowances, medical  allowance, house rent allowance and non-practising allowances.  The grievances of the respondent Nos. 1 to 4 who were the  applicants of the original application are against the non-grant of  Dearness Allowance to the employees in terms of the  recommendation of the Pay Commission as recommended in  Chapter- X of the report. Owing to unabated pressure of inflation,  the real value of salary fixed periodically by the Pay Commission  gets continuously eroded with the passage of time. The cost of  price living index is the basic factor for consideration of the Pay  Commission for determination of Pay and Dearness Allowances to  be paid to the employees. The State Government followed the same  principles for computation and payment of D.A on basic pay fixed 

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under 5th Pay Commission as has been done by the Central  Government under 6th Central Pay Commission. The Central  Government has revised D.A twice in a year on 1st January and 1st July and paid them within third month on which the DA is  payable, whereas the State Government initially paid D.A twice in a  year but discontinued to pay twice in a year after the year 2010  and has delayed payments of D.A to its employees in most  arbitrary manner. Compared to the D.A.s paid to the Central  Government Employees, the State Government Employees are  lagging far behind. By setting out comparative chart of D.A paid to  the Central Government Employees and D.A paid to the State  Government Employees the applicants/ respondent Nos. 1 to 4  have depicted the difference of D.A in the Tribunal application.  

11. The State Government Employees who are serving at Banga  Bhawan at New Delhi and Youth Hostel in Chennai are getting D.A at the same rate as admissible to Central Government Employees.  Besides, the employees of West Bengal State Electricity  Development Corporation are also getting D.A at the same rate as  that of Central Government Employees. This action on the part of  the Government of West Bengal is grossly discriminatory.  

12. Under the aforesaid facts as briefly stated, the respondent nos.  1 to 4/ the applicants sought for the reliefs as quoted above.  

13. Appearing for the petitioners Mr. S.N. Mookherjee, learned  Advocate General by citing a decision in the case of India General  Navigation & Railway Company Limited, Calcutta and  Another-Vs- Workmen and Another reported in AIR 1960 SC  1286 submits that the principle as to payment of Dearness  Allowance depends upon the place of posting of an employee where  his family members (i.e., wife and children) reside. Placing reliance 

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upon a decision in the case of Workmen Employed by Mesrs  Indian Oxygen Limited –Vs- Mesrs Indian Oxygen Limited  reported in (1985) 3 SCC 177 learned Advocate General  emphasises that Dearness Allowance for workmen of various units  of an All-India concern should vary according to All-India 

Consumer Price Index for those respective units and cannot be  based on All India Average Consumer Price Index with uniformity.  Learned Advocate General points out that Industry-cum-Region  Principle is applicable for adjudication of payment of disbursement  of Dearness Allowance. Learned Advocate General emphatically  submits that payment of Dearness Allowance is deeply interlinked  to the financial ability of the employer and if the resources of the  employer do not permit the employer to pay Dearness Allowance to  neutralise the high cost of living of an employee the employer is  within its lawful domain to decline payment or disbursement of  Dearness Allowance. In support of his submission learned  Advocate General has cited a decision in the case of Tamil Nadu  Electricity Board represented by its Chairman –Vs- Tneb – Thozhilalar Aykkiya Sangam by its General Secretary  reported in (2019) 15 SCC 235. To sum up his submission  learned Advocate General argues that payment of Dearness  Allowance to the employees of the Government is within the  discriminatory domain of the Government dependent on the  factors like its financial resources, place of posting of an employee  etc. and inability on the part of the Government to pay or disburse  Dearness Allowance cannot be termed as denial of the accrued  right of an employee.  

14. Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya, learned Senior Counsel  appearing for the respondent Nos. 1 to 4 submits that most of the  State Governments have adopted the method of payment of 

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Dearness Allowance to its employees at the same rate as  admissible to the Central Government employees which is assessed  as per the All India Average Consumer Price Index prepared by  Labour Bureau, Shimla. Mr. Bhattacharya submits that the  methodology or principle behind payment of Dearness Allowance is  to mitigate the loss of value of basic salary of an employee on  inflation in the market economy. Mr. Bhattacharya by referring to  an unreported judgment of a Co-ordinate Division Bench of this  High Court rendered in MAT 501 of 2020 with MAT 502 of 2020  (West Bengal State Electricity Transmission Company Limited  and Others -Vs- West Bengal State Electricity Board Engineers  Association and Others) submits that the West Bengal State  Electricity Transmission Company Limited, a State Government  undertaking, has been directed to pay the Dearness Allowance to  its employees at the same rate as admissible to Central  Government Employees. Mr. Bhattacharya argues that the  submission of the State that due to financial inability it is not in  a position to pay Dearness Allowance to its employees is not  acceptable as this Government disburses Dearness Allowances at  the rate of Central Government to the members of All India  Administrative Service and All India Police Service who are serving  under the direct control of the State Government. Mr.  Bhattacharya further submits that those employees who are  employed at Delhi and Chennai, but governed under the statutory  Rules of the State Government are getting Dearness Allowances at  the rate as that of the Central Government and this action on the  part of the Government offends the golden Rule of equality  enshrined in Article 14 of the Constitution. Lastly Mr.  Bhattacharya by drawing our attention to the definition of “existing  emoluments” under Rule 3 of the West Bengal ROPA Rules, 2009  emphasises that after the advent of ROPA Rules, 2009 the claim of 

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Dearness Allowance of an employee has fructified as the statutory  right and it is enforceable by the writ Court or Administrative  Tribunal. To counter the submission of the learned Advocate  General Mr. Bhattacharya submits that the decisions cited by  learned Advocate General relate to workmen governed under the  Labour Laws, especially the Industrial Disputes Act and the  conditions of service of them are contractual whereas the service  conditions of Government Employees are governed by the statutory  Rules emanating from Article 309 of the Constitution. On this  score, Mr. Bhattacharya argues that the judgment rendered by the  learned Tribunal is quite justified and it does not warrant any  interference by this Court.  

15. Mr. Kallol Basu, learned Counsel appearing for the added  respondents adopts the submission as advanced by Mr.  Bhattacharya. 

16. Before we advert to and consider the submissions advanced by  the learned Counsels appearing for the parties we feel it necessary  to refer to the relevant portion of the report of the 5th Pay  Commission and the relevant provision of the ROPA Rules, 2009.  

17.The 5th Pay Commission under Chapter- 10 relating to  allowances has, amongst others, reported and recommended as  under :- 

“10.2. Now we first deal with Dearness Allowance. Due to the  unabated pressure of inflation in the economy the real value  of salary fixed periodically by Pay Commission gets  continuously eroded with the passage of time. Thus arises  the need for payment of Dearness Allowance so as to protect  this loss.

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10.3 The State Government since 01.04.1979 has been  following the same principles followed by the Government of  India in the matter of calculation of the quantum of each  instalment of Dearness Allowance. But almost invariably  there is a time lag in actual payment and when the same is  paid, the same does not include any arrears. Right now only  one such instalment has remained due which the Government  of India sanctioned on 01.07.2008. The last instalment  which the State Government has sanctioned with effect from  01.03.2009 was sanctioned by the Government of India with  effect from 01.01.2008.  

10.4. A major grievance of most of the associations of  employees has been non-payment of the D.A instalments in  time (as per of Government of India’s announced policy, this  is payable twice a year viz., w.e.f. 1st January and 1st July  each year). They are also aggrieved because of non-payment  of arrears.  

10.6. It is evident from the above that the State Government’s  sanction of instalments does not follow any definite pattern.  It is also clear that there are delays in payment of various  instalments of D.A and there cannot be any differences of  opinion regarding the need to avoid the delays. We are of the  opinion that with some extra effort the State Government  should be in a position to clear the backlog of the lone  instalment which was sanctioned by the Government of India  w.e.f July 1, 2008, and then fall in line with the Central  Government pattern of sanctioning two instalments of D.A  each year. We recommend this course of action. If it is done,  it will mitigate a long standing grievance of almost all  employees within our terms.”

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18. The aforesaid recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission has  been accepted by the Government by promulgating the ROPA  Rules, 2009. As per Rule 3 (c) “existing emoluments” mean  aggregate of (I) existing basic pay, (II) Dearness Pay appropriate to  the basic pay and (III) Dearness Allowance appropriate to the basic  pay plus dearness pay at index average 536(1982=100). 

19. As quoted above, the Co-ordinate Division Bench in the  judgment rendered in WPST No. 45 of 2017 has held that the claim  of the employees serving under the Government of West Bengal  for Dearness Allowance is based on legally enforceable right on  the all employees serving under the Government of West Bengal  upto such extent of the recommendations of the 5th Pay  Commission which has been accepted by the Government of West  Bengal by virtue of the provisions of sub-rule (1) Rule 12 of ROPA  Rules, 2009 read with paragraph 10 of the clarificatory  memorandum bearing No. 1691-F dated February 23, 2009 on  ROPA Rules, 2009 issued by the government of West Bengal  Finance Department, Audit Branch, and paragraph 3 of  memorandum bearing No. 1692-F dated February 23, 2009 in the  matter of drawl of Dearness Allowance in revised pay structure  under the ROPA Rules, 2009 issued by the Government of West  Bengal. This observation, as stated above, has attained finality.  Therefore, we have no hesitation in our mind to hold that the State  Government employees under the ROPA Rules, 2009 has acquired  legally enforceable right to get Dearness Allowance at the rate to be  calculated on the basis of All India Consumer Price Index as  embedded in Rule 3 (c) of the ROPA Rules, 2009.  

20. In view of the decision of a Co-ordinate Division Bench in MAT  501 of 2020 with MAT 502 of 2020 (West Bengal State  Electricity Transmission Company Limited and Others -Vs-

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West Bengal State Electricity Board Engineers Association  and Others) the Employees under West Bengal State Electricity  Transmission Company Limited are entitled to Dearness  Allowances at the rate of Central Government.  

21. The learned Tribunal in the impugned judgment has struck  down the relevant office orders/memorandums under which D.A  was paid to the State Government Employees working at Banga  Bhawan in New Delhi and at Youth Hostel in Chennai at the rate  payable to the employees of the Central Government holding the  orders/memorandums discriminatory offending the doctrine of  equality under Article 14 of the Constitution. Bearing in mind the  principle enunciated by the Hon’ble Apex Court in the decision in  the case of D.S. Nakara –Vs- Union of India reported in AIR 1983 SC 130 we hold that the classification of the State  Government Employees working at West Bengal and State  Government Employees working at Delhi and Chennai governed by  the same statutory Rules is discriminatory sans intelligible  differntia and offends the golden doctrine of equality under Article  14 of the Constitution.  

22. Since the claim of the State Government Employees of  Dearness Allowance at the rate to be calculated on the basis of All  India Consumer Price Index has fructified as a legally enforceable  statutory right the decisions reported in AIR 1960 SC 1286 and  (1985) 3 SCC 177 (supra) cited by learned Advocate General  pertaining to payment of Dearness Allowance to workmen whose  conditions of services are contractual in nature under private  individuals/organisations are not applicable to the facts of the case  on hand. Similarly, in view of the factual and legal scenario as  above the decision in the case of Tamil Nadu Electricity Board  represented by its Chairman –Vs- Tneb – Thozhilalar Aykkiya 

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Sangam by its General Secretary reported in (2019) 15 SCC  235 is also not applicable. 

23. As the pleadings indicate, it stands undisputed that due to  erosion of value of the salary of Government Employees and non payment of Dearness Allowance since long to neutralize the  erosion, sustaining livelihood of Government Employees has been  affected to a great extent as revealed in the report of the 5th Pay  Commission. As held above, to get Dearness Allowances at the rate  to be calculated in terms of All India Consumer Price Index average  536 (1982=100) is now the legally enforceable right of the State  Government Employees. What we feel, apart from acquiring the  enforceable legal right to get Dearness Allowance using the  methodology of All India Consumer Price Index, such right of the  employees to sustain their livelihood with human dignity has been  fructified or elevated as fundamental right as enshrined in Article  21 of the Constitution. Such right available to Government  Employees who are the main workforce behind the functioning of a  Government in right direction cannot be denied by the State. As  observed by the Pay Commission, we are of the same view that to  pay respect to the statutory rights of the Government Employees to  get D.A Allowances at the rate as above, the Government must  generate all its resources. We feel that denial or deprivation of the  legitimate claim of Dearness Allowance of the employees to sustain  their livelihood in a dignified manner may have demoralizing effect  upon them which may in turn adversely affect the smooth  functioning of the Government. In such backdrop, the stand taken  by the State that due to financial inability it is not in a position to  pay Dearness Allowance to its Employees at the rate to be  calculated using the methodology of uniform All India Consumer  Price Index average 536 (1982=100) is not acceptable. While the 

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claim of the employees to Dearness Allowance is backed by  statutory and fundamental rights and the Court finds that the  State turns deaf ears to such rights, this Court in exercise of its  extraordinary judicial power may direct the State to implement  such rights of the employees. 

24. In view of the factual and legal scenario as discussed above, we  find that the learned Tribunal by the judgment impugned  adjudicated the two issues formulated by the Division Bench in  justified manner. There is no infirmity in the judgment which  warrants any interference by this Court. 

25.Therefore, the question as raised is answered in the affirmative. 

26.Accordingly, the writ petition filed by the State of West Bengal is  dismissed on contest. No order as to costs. 

27.The petitioners are directed to release the Dearness Allowance  and Arrear Dearness Allowance to its employees at the rate to be  calculated on the basis of All India Consumer Price Index average  536(1982=100) commensurate with their pay as per the ROPA  Rules, 2009 as directed by the Tribunal within three months from  date. 

28.Urgent certified copies of this judgment, if applied for, be given  to the parties upon compliance with all requisite formalities. 

( Rabindranath Samanta, J.)

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Harish Tandon, J. 

1. I had an opportunity to peruse the judgment authored by my brother  and I concur with the ultimate decisions arrived at but I thought that  I should pen my perception on the issues involved in the instant writ  petition concerning the Dearness Allowance attributable to the  Government employees within the State.  

2. The concept of Dearness Allowance and its horizon is required to be  recapitulated which in my opinion, is a unique feature to combat the  disparity in the living conditions and mitigating the circumstances  faced by the Government employees due to cost inflation. The  different countries in the world have tackled the inflation by revision  of wages instead of granting the Dearness Allowance. The Dearness  Allowance in our country is a relic of 1st World War to tackle the rise  of costs impacted upon the living standards by not using the same  terminology but in the form of an ad-hoc payment not linked with the  inflation of the cost of living. During this 2nd World War, the Dearness  Allowance (for short, “DA”) was introduced in the form of a grain  compensation allowances to recompense the employee of the  hardships suffered for the rise in the price of the foodgrains and after  the independence, the then Central Government constituted the 1st Pay Commission in 1947 to examine the base structure and ascertain  the actual hardship which the Central Government employees  suffered because of the steep rise in the cost of living, commonly  known as the inflation. The Committee was also set up on fair wages  to evaluate the situation and recommend the suggestive measures  which was constituted in the year 1949. In the same line the 2nd Pay  Commission was constituted in the year 1959 and, thereafter, a one  man independent committee was constituted to enquire the question  of Dearness Allowance that may be payable to the Government 

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employees and the report was submitted by such one man committee  in the month of July, 1966; the same was followed by an another  commission i.e., the Dearness Allowance Commission to examine the  principles governing the grant of DA to the Central Government  employees in future and also make recommendations pertaining to  the modalities and the acceptable structure or the formula to  calculate the DA in future. Since thereafter, the aforesaid modalities  have been adopted by constituting Pay Commission from time to time  and the reports suggesting the modalities on well-structured  parameter was being accepted either in entirety or with certain  modifications. Ironically and historically, the observations of the  various commissions and the committees the DA was made applicable  to the employees who are at the subsistence level or just above it in  order to enable them to sustain the cost of living. Initially, the  commission and committees were taking into various factors but  concentrating on the rise in the essential commodities which by  passage of time and the progression in the society the concept of DA  changes to engulf various factors imbibing wide range of the  commodities to make the life meaningful and/or maintain the living  standard as far as practicable depending upon the compelling  limitations of general interests. What was the luxury at one point of  time prevalent in the Indian society have become a necessity in future  and what was the necessity has become a basic need in the changing  society and, therefore, the concept of the DA has become more robust  and all the Governments are obligated to compensate the loss in the  cost of living and ensure the quality life not to be luxurious or  extravagant but on mere sustenance. Initially, the DA was intended to  be temporary arrangements or a transitional protection but because  of the stark reality of the situation and the continuous rising of  inflation impacting on the potential and efficacies of the employees in 

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meeting various vicissitudes of the life and, therefore, cannot be  perceived to be static.  

3. In federal system, the Union of State and its independence as  envisioned in the Constitution, the State Government from time to  time, in tune with the Central Government, constituted the Pay  Commission to evaluate the inflation in the cost of living to the State  Government employees by adopting a different formula which  sometimes raises the disparity. The 6th Central Pay Commission  recommended the Dearness Allowances to be calculated at the index  average 536 (1982=100) since the State Governments were setting up  their own Pay Commission and the State of West Bengal constituted  the 5th State Pay Commission to ascertain the pay structure, scale of  pay, the revised scale of pay and various allowances including the  Dearness Allowances which may be extended to its employees. The  report of the 5th State Pay Commission would reveal that the State  Government since 1st April, 1979 has been following the principles  followed by the Government of India in the matter of the calculation of  the quantum of each instalment of the Dearness Allowances due to  the inhibited pressure of inflation in the economy and the real value  of salary fixed periodically by the pay commissions which gets  continuously eroded by passage of time. The Commission thought  that it is a high time where the payment of Dearness Allowances is to  be extended and paid to the Government employees to protect the  loss. The said commission further found that there has been a  disparity in the time lag in the actual payment of the Dearness  Allowances as sometimes the arrears are not included or not paid in  uniform manner and recommended the State Government to clear all  the backlogs of the lone instalment in tune with the sanctioned by the  Government of India with effect from July 1, 2008 and to fall in line  with the Central Government pattern of sanctioning two instalments  of DA each year.

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4. On the basis of the said recommendation, the State Government  promulgated West Bengal Services (Revision of Pay & Allowance)  Rules, 2009 under proviso to Article 309 of the Constitution of India and, therefore, brings the same in reality in the form of the statutory  document. The said Rule would evince that it was made effective from 1stDay of January, 2006 expanding its horizon to all persons  appointed to Civil Services and post under the rule making control of  the State Government except certain categories of services indicated  in Rule 2 thereof. The said Rule being somewhat exhaustive  encompassing the change in the grade pay, revised pay structure,  basic pay in revised pay structure and other allied benefits, apart  from the allowances including the DA. Rule 3 (C) of the said rules  defining the existing emoluments includes the DA appropriate to the  basic pay plus the dearness pay at index average 536 (1982=100). While dealing with the fixation of initial pay and revised pay structure  under Rule 7, the proviso to Clause (b) thereof gives manifest  intention as to the index average of 536 (1982=100). However, Rule  12 which starts with the non-obstante clause postulates that the  arrears of the DA between the period from 1st January, 2006 to 31st March, 2008 shall not be paid to a Government employee but the  Government employees shall be entitled to the arrears on and from 1st April, 2008 to 31st March, 2009 in three consecutive yearly  instalments in cash for the year 2009-10. The aforesaid rule was  published in the Calcutta Gazette: Extraordinary on February 23,  2009. Simultaneously, the memorandum no. 1691-F was issued by  the Finance Department, Government of West Bengal through its  principal secretary as clarificatory memorandum to the said rule  concerning the allied matters dealt with by the 5th Pay Commission.  Paragraph 2 thereof exposes the intention of the Government to  accept the recommendation of the said Commission concerning the  running pay bands and the grade pay leading to its scale of pay 

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without any modifications; in other words, the same was accepted  without any modifications and in toto. Paragraph 10 thereof which is  of a seminal importance in the instant writ petition relates to a DA  and exposes the manifest intention of the Government in this regard.  Under the said paragraph, the DA was admissible to all Government  employees which they are entitled from time to time, since 1st 

January, 2006 to be relatable to the pay in the revised pay structure  and on the basis of another Government order issued by the Finance  Department vide memo no. 1692-F dated 23rdFebruary, 2009. Under  the memo no. 1692-F dated 23rd February, 2009 the Government  decided to pay the DA with effect from 1st April, 2008 at the rate  indicated therein. However, the clarification was also given in  Paragraph 5 providing the meaning of the term “basic pay” for the  purpose of the DA to mean the pay drawn in the revised pay band  including the pay band and non-practicing allowances (NPA), were  admissible but shall not include any other type of pay. This anomaly  raises a concern with the several State Government Employees’  Organisations and the representations were made to the State  Government highlighting the disparity not only on the rate of the  dearness allowances but its timely payments.  

5. Ultimately, the tribunal application under Section 19 of the  Administrative Tribunal Act, 1985 being OA no. 1154 of 2016 was  filed by the Respondent no. 1 for the following reliefs:  

(a) A direction upon the respondents authorities to forthwith  release the 50% dearness allowances which is due upto  January, 2006 immediately within a period of 1 (one)  month from the date of receiving of the order; 

(b) A direction upon the respondent authorities to  immediately comply with the report and the  recommendations of the 5th Pay Commission Report 

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positively and without fail within a period of 1 (one)month  from the communication of the order; 

(c) A direction upon the respondent authorities to release the  50% of dearness allowances as the State Government  without releasing the 50% dearness allowances for mere  eye-wash set up a 6th Pay Commission who recommended  for 10% interim relief upon the basic pay. But no whisper  about due 50% dearness allowances and unless the court  intervenes into it there may be every possibility of  forfeiture of that 50% due dearness allowances which is  the penultimate goal and gain of the state Government  and the applicants will suffer irreparable loss and injury; 

(d) The applicants pray for relief order directing the  respondent authorities to grant 50% of the dearness  allowances as that of the Central Government with arrear  up to January, 2016 within a period of two weeks from the  date of order; 

(e) Costs pertaining to this application and incidental  thereto; 

(f) Such other further order or orders as Your Lordships may  deem fit and proper.” 

6. The said tribunal application was dismissed upon returning the  findings that the payment of dearness allowances falls within the  absolute prerogative of the discretionary domain of the State  Government and, therefore, no right has accrued into the employee to  claim DA. It was further observed that despite the partial acceptance  of the recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission, it does not confer  any right on the State employees to bring an action for enforcement  thereof. Lastly it was observed that the DA paid to the employees of  the State Government posted at Banga Bhavan, New Delhi and Youth  Hostel at Chennai including the employees of the West Bengal State 

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Electricity Development Corporation is not the discriminatory one. It  is pertinent to record that the plea was also taken by the Respondent  no. 1 in the said tribunal application that the moment the DA is paid  to a Government employee at par with the rate of the DA admissible to  the Central Government employees, to the State Government  Employees posted at Banga Bhavan, New Delhi and Youth Hostel at  Chennai and the West Bengal State Electricity Development  Corporation, the same should be also extended to these employees of  the State Government posted within the State of West Bengal. 

7. The said order dated Feb 16, 2017 was assailed before the Division  Bench in WPST 45 of 2017 wherein the three points were formulated.  Firstly, whether the claim of the State Government employees for  Dearness Allowances is a legally enforceable right in terms of ROPA  Rules, 2009 read with the other Government orders issued  correspondingly; secondly, whether the claim of the employee to get  the Dearness Allowance at the same rate that of the employees of the  Central Government; thirdly, whether the rate of dearness allowance  equivalent to the rate of Central Government employee paid to the  State Government employees posted at Banga Bhavan, New Delhi and  Youth Hostel at Chennai is discriminatory.  

8. The Division Bench answered the first point in favour of the  respondent no. 1. In other words, the Division Bench held that the  claim of the employee serving under the State of West Bengal for  Dearness Allowance is based on a legally enforceable right to the  extent of the recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission accepted by  the Government of West Bengal by promulgating the ROPA Rules,  2009 and the clarificatory memorandum issued simultaneously.  However, the other two questions were not answered and the matter  was remitted to the Tribunal to decide the same. The State  Government filed an application for review against the said order  which was ultimately dismissed. 

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9. Thus, the point as to the legally enforceable right having created upon  the State Government employees over the claim of DA attained finality  and in absence of any further challenge to the higher forum, such  point cannot be reagitated and/or reopened in the instant proceeding. 

10. However, the Tribunal on limited remand answered the aforesaid two  points in the following: 

“38.The function of the pleadings is only to state the  material facts and it is for the Court or Tribunal to determine  the legal result of those facts and to mould the relief in  accordance with that result, as decided by the Federal Court  in “Messers Moolji jaitha and Co. v. Khandesh Spinning and  Wearing Mills Co. Ltd.” Reported in AIR 1950 FC 83: 1950  SCC online FC3. Accordingly, we would like to give the  following directions on the basis of the findings made by us.  The respondent No.1, Chief Secretary to the Government of  West Bengal is directed to evolve norms/principles within a  period of three months from the date of this order for release  of DA on the basic pay of the State Government employees  fixed in terms of ROPA Rules, 2009 by taking into  consideration inflation on the basis of AICPI number  (1982=100), so that DA can be paid to the State Government  employees at least twice in a year till the date of giving effect  to the recommendation of 6th Pay Commission set up by the  Government of West Bengal for its employees. The  respondent No. 1 is directed to implement the  norms/principles evolved as per direction of the Tribunal  within a period of six months from the date of the order. The  respondent no.1 is further direct6ed to make payment of  arrears of DA on the basic pay to the State Government 

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employees by taking into account level of inflation on the  basis of AICPI number (1982=100) by following the  norms/principles evolved as per direction of the Tribunal  within a period of one year from the date of this order or  before giving effect to the recommendation of 6th Pay  Commission set up by the Government of West Bengal,  whichever is earlier. The respondent No.1 is at liberty to  decide the mode and manner of payment of arrears of DA to  the State Government employees within the period of time  fixed by us. The respondent No.1 is also directed not to give  any effect to the office orders/memorandums issued for  payment of DA to the State Government employees posted in  New Delhi and Chennai at a rate payable to the employees of  the Central Government but the respondent No.1 will not  make any recovery for excess payment of salary to those  State Government employees. The respondent No.1 is at  liberty to give incentive to the State Government employees  working in New Delhi and Chennai by payment of special  allowance or any other allowances as the State Government  may deem fit and proper. With the above directions, the  original application stands disposed of.” 

11.To summarise the findings made by the Tribunal in the impugned  judgment, it is discerned that the direction was passed upon the  Chief Secretary to the Government of West Bengal to evolve  norms/principles within a specified time for release of DA on the  basic pay of the State Government employees fixed under ROPA  Rules, 2009 and such DA shall be paid at least twice in a year till the  acceptance and/or giving effect to the recommendation of the 6th Pay  Commission set up by the Government of West Bengal. The Said Chief  Secretary was further directed to implement the norms/principles in 

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terms of the order of the Tribunal within Six months from the date of  the said order and to make the payments of the arrears DA within one  year from the date of order or before giving effect to the  recommendation of the 6th Pay Commission set up by the State  Government and directed to revise the DA of the employees posted  outside the West Bengal in commensurate with the rate of the DA  payable to the employees posted within the State of West Bengal and  in the event any excess payment is made, the same should not be  realised/recovered from the said employees. However, the liberty was  also granted to the Chief Secretary to take a decision upon extending  the incentives to such employees by way of special allowances or any  other allowances as the Government may deem fit and proper.  

12. Such being the factual matrix discerned from the record, the learned  Advocate General submits that the concept of ascertaining the rate of  the DA being variable and depends upon the various factors including  the consumer price index at the relevant place of his posting cannot 

be brought within the straight jacket formula. In other words, it is  submitted that the DA depends upon the place of posting or where  the employee is posted in a particular place the inflation as to the cost  of living at such place and therefore, the uniform standard of  ascertaining the cost of inflation on an all India basis may result into  a chaos and relied upon a judgment of the Supreme Court in the case  of Workmen Employed By M/s Indian Oxygen Ltd. Vs. M/s. Indian  Oxygen Ltd., reported in (1985) 3SCC 177. According to Mr.  Advocate General, the DA is linked to the cost of living index of a  particular centre or place having a local flavour and therefore, in a  major city the same would be different than in any other remote  places. According to Mr. Advocate General since the DA is linked to  the cost of living index available at the centre and it is not imperative  on the part of the State Government to adopt the rate of the Central  Government determined on all India basis. Mr. Advocate General

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further relies upon a judgment of the Supreme Court in case of  Indian General Navigation and Railway Co., Ltd. Calcutta and  Anr. Vs. Workmen and Anr., Reported in AIR 1960 SC 1286 in  support of his contention that the principle behind the ascertainment  of the DA is linked with the cost of living index at the place of posting  or where their families are living and/or residing and therefore, the  rate of DA ascertained by the Central Government may not be the  said safe factor. Mr. Advocate General is very much vocal in his 

submission that the DA cannot be claimed as a matter of right as it  largely depends upon the ability and the financial position of the State  and for such reason every State follows their own rate of DA payable  to its employees and may in some cases adopt the rate of the DA of  the Central Government but there is no obligation on the part of the  State Government to accept the said rate and placed reliance upon a  judgment of the Supreme Court in Tamil Nadu Electricity Board  vs. TNEB- Thozhilalar Aykkiya Sangam, reported in (2019) 15  SCC 235. Mr. Advocate General further submits that since the rate of  DA is variable in nature depending largely upon the place of posting,  there is no incongruity in the decision of the State Government in  giving the DA at the rate equivalent to the DA of the Central  Government employees to its employees posted at New Delhi, Chennai and other organisations. As per the learned Advocate General, such  policy decision of the State Government is non-discriminatory and  based upon rationality, reasonability and there is an intelligible  differentia amongst the same class. 

13.Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya, learned Senior Advocate appearing  for the Respondent no. 1 submits that the moment the Government  accept the recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission by  promulgating the Rule in exercise of the power conferred under Article  309 of the Constitution of India, it cannot retract therefrom and deny  the legitimate claim emanates from the said statutory rules. It is 

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further submitted that the earlier Division Bench has held that the  said respondent has a legally enforceable right to claim the DA under  ROPA Rules, 2009 and therefore, the State Government cannot take a  contrary stand thereto. According to Mr. Bhattacharya, if the  modalities and the basic factors emanates from the said ROPA Rules,  2009 is evident and patent and require to be adhered to, the  contention of the learned Advocate General that the dearness  allowance is variable and largely dependent upon the place of the  posting is untenable. It is further submitted that mere a plea relating  to inability or incapability to pay dearness allowance determined  under the structured formula is an unacceptable defence and in fact,  the same argument was advanced in case of West Bengal State  Electricity Transmission Company Ltd. &Ors. vs. West Bengal  State Electricity Board Engineers’ Association &Ors. (MAT 109  of 2020) decided on 11.3.2020, but does not found favour. The said  judgment was assailed before the Supreme Court in the Special Leave  to Appeal (C) No. 2947 of 2022 which was dismissed on 4th March,  2022. Thus, it is contended that the moment the Government  accepted the recommendation of the pay commission by framing the  Rules under Article 309 of the Constitution of India, it cannot take a  rebound and deny the payment of the DA under any pretext including  the financial crunch.  

14.Mr. Kallol Basu, learned Advocate appearing for the aided  respondents adopts and reiterates the stand of Mr. Bhattacharya by  submitting that the State Government cannot take a plea of fixing  rate of DA by taking the cost price index at a particular place in view  of the definition of the existing emoluments under ROPA Rules, 2009.  He, thus, submits that there is no illegality or infirmity in the  impugned order and therefore, the writ petition filed by the State  needs to be dismissed. 

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15.The facts emerged from the pleadings of the parties and the  arguments so advanced before us have squeezed the zone of  consideration in the limited sphere. Initially, the plea was taken by  the State that DA is not legally enforceable right and therefore, the  State Government employees are not entitled to any relief consequent  thereupon and the writ petition was dismissed on February 16, 2017  by the Tribunal but the Division Bench while considering the writ  petition filed against the said order of the Tribunal held in  unequivocal term that the same is the legally enforceable right but  declined to interfere with other two points, namely, (i) whether the  claim of the employees serving under the Government of West Bengal  for dearness allowance at a rate equivalent to the employees of the  Central Government and (ii) whether the discrimination in the matter  of payment of dearness allowance to the employees of the State  Government with their counterparts serving at Banga Bhavan in New  Delhi and Youth Hostel in Chennai, are require to be decided upon  disclosure of the further materials. An application for review was filed  against the order of the Division Bench passed in WPST No. 45 of  2017 which was later on dismissed. There was no further challenge to  the said order of the Division Bench and therefore, it can be  reasonably inferred that the said order attained finality. As a logical  corollary, the main thrust on a plea of legally enforceable right  relating to the claim of DA has been set at rest and it cannot be  reopened in the instant proceeding. After the remand on the  aforesaid two points, the Tribunal has answered the same and  rejected the contention that the statutory rules or the administrative  directions mandates the State Government employees to get DA at the  rate payable to its employees by the Central Government. However,  the Tribunal held that the claim of DA being legally enforceable right,  the State Government employees are entitled to get DA on the basic  pay at the rate to be calculated on the basis of all-India Consumer 

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Price Index (AICPI) number published from time to time taking the  base year (1982=100) and therefore, it is the bounden duty of the  State Government to evolve norms/principles on payment of DA to its  employees by calculating the same on the basis of AICPI on the basic  pay fixed in terms of the ROPA Rules, 2009 till the date of giving the  effect to the recommendation of 6th Pay Commission set up by the  State of West Bengal. It was further held that the State Government  is bound to pay the arrears of DA upon fixation of the rate in terms of  the aforesaid directions either in cash or giving direction for  depositing the same in General Provident Fund (for short, “GPF”) with  suitable restrictions in withdrawal of the same within the specified  time. So far as the point of discrimination is concerned, the Tribunal  held that there cannot be the classification within the class and all  the State Government employees constitute a homogeneous class and  therefore, the payment of DA at different rate (in this case at the rate  declared by the Central Government) is discriminatory and is violative  of Article 14 of the Constitution of India. Such being the position as  stood as on this date, there is no hesitation to hold that it is not  obligatory or imperative on the part of the State Government to pay  the DA to its employee at the rate of DA paid to the Central  Government employee. The question is still begging an answer what  would be the modalities and/or norms to be adopted by the State  Government in ascertaining the rate of DA to its employee? 

16.According to the learned Advocate General, the adjudication and/or  ascertainment of DA cannot be brought within the straight-jacket  formula as it depends upon the place of posting and therefore, it is  variable in nature with an avowed object to neutralise the high cost of  living because of the inflation at a place where he is posted or his  family is residing and therefore, it is within the exclusive domain of  the State Government to declare the DA at the rate prevalent at the  respective locality and not on the standard formula. The judgment of 

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India General Navigation and Railway Co. Ltd., Calcutta & Anr.  (supra) appears to have been misunderstood in this regard. In the  said report, the employer was a steamer company having its head  office at Calcutta and the dispute arose with its worker primarily on  two grounds, namely, (i) the dearness allowance for the steamer and  flat clerks and (ii) the working hours for ghat employees on  Saturdays. Initially, Bengal Chambers of Commerce was entrusted  the task of ascertaining the rate of DA to the staff posted at the head  office and at the Calcutta ghats and recommended that the steamer  clerks and flat should be paid the same rate of DA. The company  took a plea that there is a fallacy in the said recommendation to grant  the rate of DA to those clerks at such rate in a uniformed manner but  must be allowed at the rate prevalent at the locality whether the  workman is posted. The Apex Court held that the concept of DA  largely depends upon the place of posting of the employee but did not  accept such contention on the special fact that those clerks were  entrusted to work on flats and steamers while plying on the river  cannot be said to have a definite place of posting and therefore, held  that the expression “place of posting” should mean that the employee should get DA where their families are residing which would be  considered to be a place of posting of such employees for all practical  purposes in these words:  

“5.So far as the principle is concerned there is no doubt that  dearness allowance depends upon the place of posting of an  employee. The difficulty, however, of applying this principle  in the case of these clerks is that they have no definite place  of posting; they are flat and steamer clerks and their main  duty is to work on flats and steamers while they are plying  on the river. In such a case the principle that dearness  allowance should be governed by the place of posting can 

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only mean that the employees should get dearness allowance  where their families (i.e. wife and children) are residing, for  that would be the place of posting of such employees for all  practical purposes. The Tribunal’s view therefore that these  clerks should be paid this rate of dearness allowance would  be justified on the presumption made by it that the families  of these clerks must necessarily be living in Calcutta when  they were on duty on a flat or steamer. There is, however, no  proof of this on the record and it cannot necessarily be  assumed that every such clerk must be keeping his family in  Greater Calcutta. As we have pointed out above, this rate of  dearness allowance is not meant to apply to those who reside  outside Greater Calcutta. Though therefore the Tribunal is  right in awarding this rate of dearness allowance to these  clerks, it went wrong in assuming that every one of these  clerks was residing in Greater Calcutta.” 

17.In Workmen Employed By M/s. Indian Oxygen Ltd. (supra) the  question which fell for consideration whether the variable DA payable  by the employer to its workmen should be revised by linking with the  Consumer Price Index for industrial workers at Kanpur as computed  by Labour Bureau, Simla and if the answer is affirmative than at what  rate. In the said case, the company has a Pan India Establishments  and there appears to be two rival unions at its industrial undertaking  at Kanpur. The company subsequently intended to uniformly grant  the DA to its employees posted at all its industrial establishments  throughout the country which raises a dissent amongst the  employees of the industrial undertaking at Kanpur. It was the stand  of the dissenting union that the workman employed in the company  and the major cities are getting a higher DA in comparison to Kanpur  Unit and therefore, the working out of the rate of DA taking into 

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account the consumer price index for Delhi prepared by the Labour  Bureau, Simla cannot be uniformly applied while revising the rate of  the DA for the workman employed in at Kanpur Unit. The Apex Court  held that the DA is directly relatable to the erosion of real wages for  the constant upward rise in the prices of the basic necessities and is  somewhat depended upon the inflationary inputs which resulted in  short fall in the purchasing power of the rupee. It is further held that  the DA linked with the price rise with an avowed object recompense  loss in real wages on account of the steep price rise. It was, thus,  held that the company has been misled to adopt the equitable  principle of introducing uniform rate of the DA linked with the all 

India average consumer price index prepared by the Labour Bureau,  Simla.  

18.The aforesaid two judgments relate to an industrial dispute and the  nature of the DA which is an integral part of the wages awarded to its  workman at the several units at different places. There was no  statutory rules governing the field of the DA and was largely depended  upon the policy decision of the company. The company which has a  Pan India Establishments intended to grant the DA on uniform rate  taking into account the inflation at a particular place which has not  been accepted to be the safe mode. Even the Apex Court has held  that all the workmen of the company are entitled to an uniform rate of  wages depending upon the nature of the duties and responsibilities  entrusted upon them but so far as the rate of DA is concerned it  varies from place to place and it would not be safe to ascertain the  rate of DA based upon cost price index at a particular place as it is  variable in nature. The aforesaid judgments in our opinion cannot  come in aid to the State Government as they are guided, controlled,  regulated and bound by the statutory provisions. It is one thing to  say that the policy decision is within the realm of the State and the  courts should seldom interfere therewith but it is completely different 

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when the statutory rules provides and regulates the functioning of the  State Government and therefore, any departure therefrom has to be  within the strict boundaries thereof. Previously, the Bengal Chambers  of Commerce was entrusted to ascertain the rate of inflation and  recommended the said rate of DA to the workmen of the industrial  undertaking within the region but the same has been done away with  and the onerous duties have been entrusted upon the Labour Bureau,  Simla. The concept of DA to neutralise the real wages of the workmen  at a particular industrial establishments may be variable but the  same analogy in our opinion may not be adopted in relation to  Government employees be it of the State or the Central. In recent  past, the Central Government has granted the DA to all its employees  uniformly irrespective of their place of posting. The concept of  variability in the DA has radically changed and the uniformity  appears to be the hallmark thereof. In fact, the State Government on  accepting the recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission framed  ROPA Rules, 2009 under Article 309 of the Constitution of India and  expressly excluded the categories of the persons from the purview  under Rule 2 thereof. The said rule manifestly exposes the lucid and  explicit intention of the Government in a doctrine of the  recommendation of the 5th Pay Commission and while defining  “existing emoluments” under Clause 3(C) thereof. The method of  ascertaining the DA has been clearly spelt out to be based upon at the  index average 536 (1982=100). It is logically inferred from the  aforesaid stand of the State that the rate of DA declared by the  Central Government though at the index average 536 (1982=100) cannot be extended to the State Government employee because of the  variability in the living cost price within the State but the State  Government cannot deny the applicability of the index average 536  (1982=100) under the said statutory rules. On the same day when  the said rule was published in the official gazette, the Memorandum 

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1690-F dated 23rd February, 2009 was issued by the Special  Secretary, Government of West Bengal indicating the conscious  decision of the Government relating to the release of the DA  admissible to the Government employees in the revised pay structure  but the DA between the period from 1st January, 2006 to 31st March,  2008 was decided not to be paid to such employees. Consequent  upon the said Memorandum, the clarification was made vide Memo  No. 1691-F dated 23rd February, 2009 wherein the DA which the  State Government employees were entitled from time to time since 1st January, 2006 was to be paid in terms of the said Memo No. 1692-F  dated 23rd February, 2009. The subsequent memorandum clarifying  the stand of the Government leaves no ambiguity that it is imperative  on the part of the State to pay the DA to its employees on and from 1st 

April, 2008 at the rate calculated on the basis of the index average  536 (1982=100). There cannot be any departure from the provisions  of the statutory rules nor the State Governments can act contrary  thereto taking shelter under the incapability and/or incapacity to  meet such requirement. In fact, the Tribunal also held that it would  not be proper to direct the State Government to pay the DA at the rate  of the Central Government but in view of the discussions made  hereinabove, there is no infirmity in the direction passed by the  Tribunal for evolving the norms/principles in fixing the DA on the  basis of the AICPI 536 (1982=100). It appears from the materials on  record that after accepting the recommendation of the 5th Pay  Commission and upon the promulgation of the ROPA Rules, 2009, the  DA was released twice in a year though in erratic manner. The  Central Government on the basis of the 6th Pay Commission have  decided to pay the DA twice in a year which was continued to be  accepted by the State Government and implemented for a brief period  but later on there has been a disparity. The moment the State  Government has adopted the manner in which the DA is to be 

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ascertained and paid to the employees twice in a year, in absence of  any valid reasons or compelling circumstances, the abrupt disruption  cannot be countenanced and therefore, we do not find any fault in the  order of the Tribunal in this regard.  

19.So far as the second point is concerned the tribunal has found all the  State Government employees irrespective of their place of posting are  to be treated uniformly and there cannot be any discrimination in  granting the DA at different rates to the State Government employees  posted at Delhi or Chennai. The Division Bench in an earlier round of  litigation have held that the claim of DA is a legally enforceable right.  The moment it is declared that the DA is a legal right the payment in  uniform rate would avoid any kind of discrimination. As indicated  above, there has been a paradigm shift between the period prior to  2009 and after as the Bengal Chambers of Commerce who was  initially entrusted to deal with such situation was done away with  and an uniform base index of 536 (1982=100) was adopted and  implemented. Under the ROPA Rules, 2009 the rate of DA to the  State Government employees is determined on the basis of AICPI and  applicable to all the State Government employees and therefore, the  moment they constitute a homogeneous class and in absence of any  special or compelling factors differentiating them or in absence of any  intelligible differentia, the class differentiation offends Article 14 of the  Constitution of India. There cannot be any categorisation of the State  Government employees on the basis of their posting at different  locations as it would amount to a classification within the  homogeneous class. We are not unmindful of the proposition of law  that the classification within the class can be accepted provided, it is  based upon the rationale and there is an intelligible differentia  distinguishing one group of person from other. There must be a  rational and reasonable nexus with the avowed object sought to be  achieved by such classification. The moment the AICPI is the base 

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factor to ascertain the DA it imbibed within itself all such  eventualities undertaken by the Labour Bureau, Simla and therefore,  the moment the rate of DA is ascertained based upon such factor, the  discrimination in payment of different rates of DA to the employees  posted at New Delhi or Chennai and the employees within the State  offends Article 14 of the Constitution of India. It is within the domain  of the State Government to provide special or other allowances to  such employees because of the vagarious of the posting at the distinct  place from the State but we do not find any justification in differential  payment of the DA to such employees.  

20.In view of the findings recorded hereinabove. We do not find any  infirmity or illegality in the impugned order and therefore, the writ  petition deserves dismissal which is accordingly dismissed.  

21.Urgent photostat certified copies of this judgment, if applied for, be  made available to the parties subject to compliance with requisite  formalities.  

 (Harish Tandon, J.)

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āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻšā§āϚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāĻ¤ā§‡Â 

āϏāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāϞ āφāĻĒā§€āϞ āĻāĻ–āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ°Â 

āφāĻĒāĻŋāϞ āϏāĻžāχāĻĄÂ 

āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ: 

āĻŽāĻžāύāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰāĻĒāϤāĻŋ āĻšāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨Â 

āĻāĻŦāĻ‚Â 

āĻŽāĻžāύāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰāĻĒāϤāĻŋ āϰāĻŦā§€āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāύāĻžāĻĨ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āϤ

2020 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST 102 

āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ORS. 

– āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽÂ 

āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āύāĻĢ⧇āĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ“āφāϰāĻāϏāĨ¤Â Â 

āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āĻāϏ āĻāύ āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ, 

āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ…āĻŽāĻŋāϤ⧇āĻļ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

Mr. Debasish Ghosh, Adv. 

āĻŽāĻŋ. āĻļāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ• āϚāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

 … āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯Â Â 

Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya,Senior Advocate. 

āĻŽāĻŋ. āĻĢāĻŋāϰāĻĻ⧌āϏ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻŽ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

āĻŽāĻŋāϏ āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

Ms. Mousumi Hazra, Adv. 

 …. āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻ‚ 1 

Mr. Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya, Senior Advocate. 

Mr. Prabir Chatterjee,Adv. 

āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧀āĻĒ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

āĻŽāĻŋ. āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻž āĻ­ā§‚āώāĻŖ āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

āĻŽāĻŋāϏ⧇āϏ āĻĻ⧇āĻŦāϞāĻŋāύāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. ….āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 2 āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ

40-  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 1

Mr. Kallol Basu, Adv. 

āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āϏ⧁āĻŽāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

Mr. Rohitendra Chandra Deb, Adv. 

āĻŽāĻŋ. āϗ⧁āĻĄā§āĻĄā§ āϏāĻŋāĻ‚, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ. 

 â€Ļ. āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯Â 

  

āĻļ⧁āύāĻžāύāĻŋ : ⧍⧝.ā§Ļā§Ē.⧍ā§Ļā§¨ā§¨Â 

āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ: 20.05.2022 

āϰāĻŦā§€āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāύāĻžāĻĨ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āϤ, āĻœā§‡:- 

  1. āĻāχ āϰāĻŋāϟ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦ, āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ 26.07.2019 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāϕ⧇ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āϜ āĻ•āϰ⧇ ( āĻ…āϤāσāĻĒāϰ 2016 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ OA āύāĻ‚ 1154-āĻ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 
  2. āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻž (āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ) āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009 (āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009) āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇ āĻ…āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁āĻˇā§āϟ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āύāĻĢ⧇āĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ—, āχāωāύāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĢā§‹āϰāĻžāĻŽ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύāĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§€ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āχāωāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāύ⧀āϞ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻžāϞ āĻŽāϜ⧁āĻŽāĻĻāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽā§‡ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻĻ⧁’āϜāύ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϏ⧇āύ: – 

“āĻ• āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1 (āĻāĻ•) āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ;

40-  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 2

āĻ–. āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ 1 (āĻāĻ•) āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āχāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϚāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡Â  āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ ;

āĻ—. āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ 10% āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁, āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻžāύāĻžāϘ⧁āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ 50% āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻœā§‡āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϞāĻžāĻ­ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻĒā§‚āϰāĻŖā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāϘāĻžāĻ¤Â 

d āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āχ āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2016 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ; 

e āĻāχ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āφāύ⧁āώāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ•; 

āϚ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϞāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻļāĻŋāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāĻŽāύ āφāϰāĻ“ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻŦāĻž āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāĨ¤” 

  1. 16.02.2017 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻļ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇:-

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 3 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

“āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϧ⧀āύ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧇ (āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧁āύ) āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀; 

  1. āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āϝ⧌āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāϏāĻ‚āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āύāĻž; 

iii. āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ āύāĻŋāĻ—āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āϏāĻš āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĻŋ āφāρāĻ•āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϧāϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āϏāĻžāĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤â€Â 

  1. āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧁āĻŦā§āϧ āĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 4 āĻāχ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ 2017 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST āύāĻ‚ 45 āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 31.08.2018 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ 

āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§€āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϰāϤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

  1. āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§€āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯Â 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 4 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϝāĻž āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϰ⧂āĻĒ: – 

” 82. āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ“ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇, āφāĻŽāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϰ⧂āĻĒ āϏāĻžāϰāϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋ:- 

  1. i) āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009-āĻāϰ āωāĻĒ-āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ(1) āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 12-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ āϏāĻš āύāĻ‚. 1691-F āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ ROPA āϰ⧁āϞāϏ, 2009 āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāϟ āĻļāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ 1692-F āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āĻŦāĻšāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 3 ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϤ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāϟ āĻļāĻžāĻ–āĻžāĨ¤Â 
  2. ii) āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻŋāϤ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤

40  āĻāϰ 5 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

iii) āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϝ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āφāύāĻž āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ⧇āĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāϚāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡āĨ¤Â 

  1. āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤ⧃āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ, āϝāĻĨāĻž, (i) āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ (ii) āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧀āϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āχāϝāĻŧ⧁āĻĨ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ, āϝāĻž āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āφāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ, āĻāχ āϰāĻŋāϟ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž L. āϚāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ āϕ⧁āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āχāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧁āϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āφāχāύ⧇āϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇āĨ¤ āχāωāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ…āĻĢ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž, āĻāφāχāφāϰ 1997 āĻāϏāϏāĻŋ 1225-āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āύāĻĄ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻšāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āωāĻĒāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĢā§‹āϰāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤Â 
  2. āĻĢāϞāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ āĻāχ āϰāĻŋāϟ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻĒāĻžāĻļ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ 

40-  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 6

āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϰāϤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧋, āϝāĻĨāĻž (i) āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ (ii) āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āχāϝāĻŧ⧁āĻĨ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āϚāĻžāĻ•āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇āύ, āĻāχ āϰāĻŋāϟ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāϗ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āύāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇āĨ¤” 

  1. āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ 31.08.2018 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āĻ…āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁āĻˇā§āϟ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ RVWNo āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāω āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύāĨ¤ 2018 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ 159āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āϚāĻžāχāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ 07.03.2019 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāω āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻšāϞāĻĢāύāĻžāĻŽāĻž āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ• āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻš āĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞāϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āχ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻĻā§āϰ⧁āϤ āĻļ⧁āύāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻ“ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤Â 
  2. 2017 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST āύāĻ‚ 45 āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 2018 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāϰāĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŦā§āϞāĻŋāω āύāĻ‚ 159-āĻ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ 2016 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āύāĻ‚ 1154 āĻļ⧁āύ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ 

40  āĻāϰ 7 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

26.07.2019 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĨ¤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇:- 

“āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦāϕ⧇ āĻāχ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāφāχāϏāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāφāχ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ ROPA āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ, 2009, āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāϤāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚. 1-āϕ⧇ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ›āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻāφāχāϏāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāφāχ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāχ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇, āϝ⧇āϟāĻž āφāϗ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āϕ⧇ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻĢāĻŋāϏ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ / āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 8 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§‹āĻĻāύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇⧎ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇, āĻŽā§‚āϞ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤” 

  1. 2017 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST āύāĻ‚ 45-āĻ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ 31.08.2018 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āϝāĻž āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ RVW āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāω āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻšā§€āύāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ…āύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϝāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009-āĻāϰ āωāĻĒ-āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ (1) āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 12-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ ROPA-āϤ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ 23, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āύāĻ‚ 1691-F-āĻāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 10 āϏāĻš āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧁āύ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāϟ āĻļāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ, 2009 āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϤ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āύāĻ‚ 1692-F āĻāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 3āĨ¤ , 2009 āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāϟ āĻļāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻžāύ/āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇, āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āωāĻšā§āϚāϤāϰ āĻĢā§‹āϰāĻžāĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āφāĻĒāĻŋāϞ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύāύāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻāχ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻžāύ/āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤

40  āĻāϰ 9 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

  1. āĻāĻ–āύ, āϤāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻšāϞ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻ•āϏāχ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž? 
  2. āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϟāĻŋ āωāĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āĻĒāϟāĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāϰ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϰ⧂āĻĒ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇:- 

āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ 2008 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖāĻžāϧ⧀āύ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻš āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āĻ–āϰāϚāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻžā§āϚāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĻāĻĒā§āϤāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻš āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āϏāĻš āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĒ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ, ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009⧎ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ, āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž, āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž, āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāύ-āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āϟāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 4-āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ— āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŽā§‚āϞ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύ, āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ- X-āĻ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āύāĻŋāϰāĻŦāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇, āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϏ āϞāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ‚ āχāύāĻĄā§‡āĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāϞ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϟāϰāĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛Â 

40  āĻāϰ 10 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

5 āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 6 āϤāĻŽ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĨ¤ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 1 āϞāĻž āϜ⧁āϞāĻžāχ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤ⧃āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§‹āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ, āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ 2010 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϏāĻŦāĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āϰ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ DA āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ DA āĻāϰ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟ āϏ⧇āϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀/ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 4 āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇ DA-āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĻ¨ā§ˇÂ Â 

  1. āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧀āϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇āύ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ āύāĻŋāĻ—āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻžāĻ“ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āϚāϰāĻŽāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ•āĨ¤Â Â 
  2. āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚. 1 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 4/ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύāĨ¤Â Â 
  3. āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧀ āĻāϏ āĻāύ āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋ, āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ­āĻŋāϗ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϰ⧇āϞāĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ, āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻŋ-āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ- āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻāφāχāφāϰ 1960 āĻāϏāϏāĻŋ 1286- āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻļāĻŋāϖ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻĻāĻ¸ā§āϝāϰāĻž (āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ, āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁) āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰāϤāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨Â 

40  āĻāϰ 11 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻœā§‡āύ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ-āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ- āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻœā§‡āύ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āĻ°Â  āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ (1985) 3 SCC 177 āĻļāĻŋāϖ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻœā§‹āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦ⧇āϗ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āχāωāύāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ 

āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āχāωāύāĻŋāϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ-āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ-āĻ…āĻžā§āϚāϞ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻĻ⧃āĻĸāĻŧāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ—āĻ­ā§€āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āωāĻšā§āϚ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ⧇ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻļāĻŋāϖ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϤāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϞāύāĻžāĻĄāĻŧ⧁ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ°Â  āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ – āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ- āĻŸā§‡āύ⧇āĻŦ – āĻĨā§‹āϜāĻŋāϞāĻžāϞāĻžāϰ āφāχāĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ• āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ (2019) 15 SCC 235āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāϰ āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ, āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰāĻļā§€āϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāϪ⧇ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋāϤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϰāĻžā§āϜāύ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āϏāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāϰ āĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϏ⧇āϞ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 4 āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϰāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāχ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 12 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϝāĻž āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋, āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ…āϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āύ⧇ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϞ āĻŦāĻžāϜāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻšāĻžāχāϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻž 2020-āĻāϰ MAT 502-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ 2020-āĻāϰ MAT 501 ( āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ – āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ- āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āχāĻžā§āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻĻ⧇āϰ) āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧋āϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻļāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ) āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ, āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āϝ⧋āĻ—, āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝ⧇ āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āύ⧇āχ āϤāĻž āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāχ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻĻāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻļ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻž āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāϪ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļā§āϰ⧀ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āφāϰāĻ“ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁āĻˇā§āϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 14 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧀ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 3-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ “āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ” āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āφāĻ•āĻ°ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻœā§‹āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ 

40  āĻāϰ 13 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĢāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϏ⧂ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϰāĻŋāϟ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āφāχāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āφāχāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϚāĻžāĻ•āϰāĻŋāϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϚ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϚāĻžāĻ•āϰāĻŋāϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 309 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧋āϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ, āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϕ⧋āύ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āϞ⧋āϞ āĻŦāϏ⧁, āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ•ā§ŒāρāϏ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāϏāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύāĨ¤Â 
  2. āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϏ⧇āϞāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāϏāϰ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ROPA āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻŋā§ˇÂ Â 
  3. āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ- 10-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ 5 āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ, āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇, āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϰ⧂āĻĒ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇:- 

“10.2āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āύāĻŋāϰāĻŦāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤

40  āĻāϰ 14 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

10.3 01.04.1979 āϏāĻžāϞ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϏ⧃āϤ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϚāϞ⧇āϛ⧇⧎ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϧāĻžāύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻ–āύ āĻāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āφāϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 01.07.2008 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇⧎ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 01.03.2009 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϤāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 01.01.2008 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›ā§‡ā§ˇÂ Â 

10.4āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϰāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧋āϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻšāϞ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§‹āϧ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž (āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŋāϤ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 1 āϞāĻž āϜ⧁āϞāĻžāχ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇āĨ¤ ) āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āϟāĻžāĻ•āĻž āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻžāϰāĻžāĻ“ āĻ•ā§āώ⧁āĻŦā§āϧāĨ¤Â Â 

10.6āĨ¤ āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āϕ⧋āύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ°ā§āύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻžāĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āϝ⧇ DA-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§‹āϧ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŽāϤāĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āϝ⧇ 1 āϜ⧁āϞāĻžāχ, 2008 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āϞāĻ— āĻ•ā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ°ā§āύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžā§āϜ⧁āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤”

40  āĻāϰ 15 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

  1. 5 āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļāϟāĻŋ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 3 (c) āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ “āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ” āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ (I) āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ, (II) āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ (III) āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž 536 (1982=100) āĨ¤Â 
  2. āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇, 2017 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST āύāĻ‚ 45-āĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϝāĻž āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009 āĻāϰ āωāĻĒ-āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ (1) 12 āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āύāĻ‚ 1691-F āĻāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 10 āϏāĻš āĻĒāĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāϟ āĻļāĻžāĻ–āĻž, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ āĻŦāĻšāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 3 āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϤ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āύāĻ‚ 1692-FāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ, āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇. āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ, āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāύ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āύ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āύāϜāĻŋāωāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϏ āχāύāĻĄā§‡āĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āφāχāύāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ 3 (c)āĨ¤Â Â 
  3. 2020-āĻāϰ MAT 502-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ 2020-āĻāϰ MAT 501-āĻ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋-āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāύ⧇āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇ ( āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ – āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ-

40  āĻāϰ 16 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āχāĻžā§āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧋āϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻļāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ) āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύāĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻĢāĻŋāϏ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ / āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 14 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ/āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύāĨ¤ AIR 1983 SC 130 āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž DS Nakara-Vs- Union of India- āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāύāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āϚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŋāϤ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻāĻ•āχ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ, āĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ—āĻŽā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 14 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŽāϤāĻŦāĻžāĻĻāϕ⧇ āφāϘāĻžāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤Â Â 
  2. āϝ⧇āĻšā§‡āϤ⧁ āĻ…āϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āύāϜāĻŋāωāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϏ āχāύāĻĄā§‡āĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĢāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϏ⧂ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ AIR 1960 SC 1286 āĻāĻŦāĻ‚Â  (1985) 3 SCC- āϤ⧇ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ 177 (āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻž) āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āωāĻĻā§āϧ⧃āϤ āĻŦ⧇āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ/āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āϚ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ•, āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āϤāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϞāύāĻžāĻĄāĻŧ⧁ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ – āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻŸā§‡āύ⧇āĻŦ – āĻĨā§‹āϜāĻŋāϞāĻžāϞāĻžāϰ āφāχāĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āϰāĻžÂ  āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āĻ“ āφāχāύāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇

40  āĻāϰ 17 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŽ āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ• āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ (2019) 15 SCC 235 āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤Â 

  1. āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āχāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāρāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āώāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘāĻĻāĻŋāύ āϧāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇, āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāϜāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ•āĻžāĻ‚āĻļ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ ā§Ģ āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĨ¤ āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ–āύ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āϝāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ, āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āφāχāύāĻŋ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“, āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ 21 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĢāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϏ⧂ āĻŦāĻž āωāĻ¨ā§āύ⧀āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻĨ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϝ⧇āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻ•āχ āĻŽāϤ āĻĒā§‹āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻŽāĻžāύ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāϤ⧇, āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻšāϤāĻžāĻļāĻžāϜāύāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĢ⧇āϞāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϏ⧃āĻŖ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧂āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĢ⧇āϞāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϟāĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāϤ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āϝ⧇ āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰāϕ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āύ⧇āχ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ ) āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝāĻ–āĻ¨Â 

40  āĻāϰ 18 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϰ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāύ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ, āĻāχ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤Â 

  1. āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āφāϞ⧋āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāχāύāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāχ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§€āϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϕ⧇ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻŽāύ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞāϤāĻž āύ⧇āχ āϝāĻž āĻāχ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧋āϝāĻŧāĻžāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤Â 

25.āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ, āωāĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āχāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϚāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

  1. āϏ⧇āχ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ—āĻŋāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ. 
  2. āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžā§āϜāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ…āϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āύāϜāĻŋāωāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϏ āχāύāĻĄā§‡āĻ•ā§āϏ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ , 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϤāĨ¤Â 
  3. āĻāχ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϜāϰ⧁āϰ⧀ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻ…āύ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ, āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇, āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āφāύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡ā§ˇÂ 

(āϰāĻŦā§€āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāύāĻžāĻĨ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āϤ, āĻœā§‡.)

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 19 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻšāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāύ, āĻœā§‡āĨ¤Â 

  1. āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϰāϚāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϧāĻžāĻŦāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϭ⧇āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϤāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŋāĻ• āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧāĻŋ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇āĨ¤Â Â 
  2. āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āϝāĻž āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇, āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϞāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‹āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϞāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻšāϞ 1 āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāύ āϝāĻž āĻāĻ•āχ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāώāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ–āϰāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϞāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ-āĻšāĻ• āĻĒ⧇āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āφāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāχ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ, āĻ–āĻžāĻĻā§āϝāĻļāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇, āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻˇā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āϰāĻŖ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻ¸ā§āϝ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āϰāĻŖ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āφāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž (āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇ “DA”) āϚāĻžāϞ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 1947 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ 1 āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ•āĻˇā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ–āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ, āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 1949 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āχ āϞāĻžāχāύ⧇ 1959 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ⧇, āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ• āϏāĻĻāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϜāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāϏāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛Â 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 20 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ŧ āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϜ⧁āϞāĻžāχ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇ āĻ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ• āϏāĻĻāĻ¸ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ; āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ, āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝāϤ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻŦāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§āϞāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇, āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧁āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‹āĻĄāϞāĻŋāϟāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻ•āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ DA āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϜāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āύāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻŖā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧋āύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāĻ—āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖāϕ⧇ āφāĻšā§āĻ›āĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻĒāĻŖā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧃āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏāϰāϕ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻžāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŦāĻš āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦāϜāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻžāϏāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϤāĻž āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝāϤ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϕ⧀ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžāϟāĻŋ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāϠ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āϰāĻŖ āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻžāϏāĻŦāĻšā§āϞ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϝ⧌āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ›āĻ• āĻ­āϰāĻŖāĻĒā§‹āώāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āϚāϰāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϧāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§āϝāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖā§‡Â 

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 21

āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰāϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻĢ⧇āĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āχāωāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇, āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϤāĻžāϞ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§āϞāĻž āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻšā§‡āϤ⧁ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϜāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ 5 āϤāĻŽ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧇āϞ, āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧇āϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻš āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϝāĻž āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋ āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ 5 āϤāĻŽ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 1 āϞāĻž āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ, 1979 āϏāĻžāϞ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϚāϞ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ—ā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϚāĻžāĻĒ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽā§‡ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϝāĻž āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻ•ā§āώāϝāĻŧāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϭ⧇āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻšā§āϚ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āφāϰāĻ“ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϧāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻ•āĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āϞāĻ— āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ 1 āϜ⧁āϞāĻžāχ, 2008 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ°ā§āύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ DA.

40  āĻāϰ 22 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

  1. āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 309 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϧ⧀āύ āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻŋāϏ⧇āϏ (āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž) āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009 āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻ•āχ āφāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāύ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻĻāϞāĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 2-āϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāϤ⧀āϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖāϝāĻŧāύ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāϞ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώ⧇āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻĻ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϟāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āϰ⧇āĻĄ āĻĒ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ, āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹, āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻš āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 3 (C) āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ DA āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 7 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ, āĻāϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž (b) āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 12 āϝ⧇āϟāĻŋ āĻ…-āĻ…āĻŦāĻžāϧ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇ 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 31 āĻļ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ, 2008 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž 1 āϞāĻž āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ, 2008 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 31 āĻļ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ, 2009 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻĒāϰ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ 2009-10 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻ—āĻĻ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻž āϗ⧇āĻœā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ: āĻ…āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ 23, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āχ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇, āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āύāĻ‚. 1691-F āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϞāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āωāĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 2 āϚāϞāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—ā§āϰ⧇āĻĄ āĻĒ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻāϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤Â 

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 23

āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž; āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻāĻ•āχ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāχ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĨ¤ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 10 āϝ⧇āϟāĻŋāϰ āϤāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŋāĻ• āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇⧎ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϝ, 1 āĻŽ āĻĨ⧇āĻ•ā§‡Â 

āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϤ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§‹ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡āĨ¤ 1692-F āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ , 2009āĨ¤ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§‹ āύāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇āĨ¤ 1692-F āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ , 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ 1 āϞāĻž āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ, 2008 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, DA āĻāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ “āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ” āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ 5-āĻāĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āϝāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāύ-āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āϟāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϏ (NPA) āϏāĻš āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡ āϟāĻžāύāĻž āĻŦ⧇āϤāύāĨ¤ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāϟāĻŋ āĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϰāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāϕ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞ⧇ āϧāϰ⧇āĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āφāχāύ, 1985 āĻāϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž 19 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ OA āύāĻ‚āĨ¤ 2016 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ 1154 āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ 1 āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āωāĻĒāĻļāĻŽ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ:  

(āĻ•) āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1 (āĻāĻ•) āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇ āϛ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž; 

(āĻ–) āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 5 āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ°Â  āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ

40  āĻāϰ 24 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ 1 (āĻāĻ•) āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āχāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϚāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāϤāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāχ; 

(āĻ—) āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§€ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ 10% āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻžāύāĻžāϘ⧁āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ 50% āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻœā§‡āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϞāĻžāĻ­ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻĒā§‚āϰāĻŖā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ ; 

(d) āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϕ⧇ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āχ āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2016 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ 50% āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ; 

(āĻ™) āĻāχ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāύ⧁āώāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ–āϰāϚ; 

(f) āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϞāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻļāĻŋāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻŦāĻž āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāĨ¤” 

  1. āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĢ⧇āϰāϤ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϚāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, DA āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϏāĻžā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ⧎ āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāϰāĻ“ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϗ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āφāĻ‚āĻļāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽā§āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āĻ“ , āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϏāĻŦāĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϗ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āϏāĻš āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ, āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 25 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĒā§‹āϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āϝ⧇ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻžāĻ“ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇ 1 āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϕ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ, āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ, āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϟ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĄā§‡āϭ⧇āϞāĻĒāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĒā§‹āϰ⧇āĻļāύ, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰāĻ“ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤Â 

  1. 16 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2017-āĻāϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāϟāĻŋ 2017-āĻāϰ WPST 45-āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽāϤ, āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž āϤāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧁āύ; āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤ, āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ; āϤ⧃āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤ, āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻ­āĻŦāύ, āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āχāϝāĻŧ⧁āĻĨ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 
  2. āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚-āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ 1. āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇āϰ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āχ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇, āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āχ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤Â 

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 26

  1. āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻšā§āϚāϤāϰ āĻĢā§‹āϰāĻžāĻŽā§‡ āφāϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āĻœā§‡āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇, āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāϟāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ–ā§‹āϞāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϚāϞāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨Â 
  2. āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇: 

“38. āĻĒāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚āϏ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻŋ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āĻ—āϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏ⧇āχ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āφāχāύāĻŋ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖāϕ⧇ āĻĸāĻžāϞāĻžāχ āĻ•āϰāĻž, āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĢ⧇āĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ ” āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻŽā§āϞāϜāĻŋ āϜāĻžāχāĻĨāĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϕ⧋āĻ‚ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ–āĻžāύāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāϏ āϕ⧋āĻ‚ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄāĨ¤â€ AIR 1950 FC 83: 1950 SCC āĻ…āύāϞāĻžāχāύ FC3 āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻĻāύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻ¨ā§āϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāχāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ ROPA āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ, 2009 AICPI āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāϤ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1āϕ⧇ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ›āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āϕ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āφāϰāĻ“ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›ā§‡Â 

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 27

āĻāχ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ AICPI āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ , āϝ⧇āϟāĻŋ āφāϗ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āϕ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻĢāĻŋāϏ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ / āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻ“ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ .1 āϏ⧇āχ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚ 1 āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§‹āĻĻāύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇⧎ āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇, āĻŽā§‚āϞ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤” 

  1. āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ…āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤāϏāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āύāĻž āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦāϕ⧇ āφāϰāĻ“ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻ¤ā§‡Â 

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 28

āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ›āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžā§āϜāĻ¸ā§āϝ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āϘāϟāύāĻž āϘāϟāϞ⧇ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ› āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻž āφāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ/āĻĒ⧁āύāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāχ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§‹āĻĻāύāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāĻ“ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāĻ—āϤ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚āϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āϏāĻš āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžÂ 

āϏ⧋āϜāĻž āĻœā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϟ āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āφāύāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇. āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻāϟāĻŋ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚āϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāύāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧃āĻ™ā§āĻ–āϞāĻž āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻœā§‡āύ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻœā§‡āύ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ, āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ (1985) 3SCC 177 āĨ¤ āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇ , āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϧāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻļāĻšāϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āχ āϰāĻ•āĻŽ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻšā§‡āϤ⧁ DA āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧇ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻŽāĻŋ

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40  āĻāϰ 29

āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ­āĻŋāϗ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϰ⧇āϞāĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻ‚ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāύāφāϰ-āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āφāϰāĻ“ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡Â  āĨ¤ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Anr., AIR 1960 SC 1286-āĻ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāχ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ⧇ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ DA āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāĻ•āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āύ⧇ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āĻ–āϰāĻšā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĨ¤ , āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ DA āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϞāĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϟāϰ āύāĻžāĻ“ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āϏāĻžāĻšā§‡āĻŦ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦāχ āϏ⧋āĻšā§āϚāĻžāĻ°Â 

āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϕ⧇ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāϜāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ DA āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāϧāĻ•āϤāĻž āύ⧇āχ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϞāύāĻžāĻĄāĻŧ⧁ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ TNEB-āϤ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĨā§‹āϜāĻŋāϞāĻžāϞāĻžāϰ āφāχāĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŽ, āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ (2019) 15 SCC 235 āĨ¤ āϜāύāĻžāĻŦ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āφāϰāĻ“ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻšā§‡āϤ⧁ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚āϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞ, āϤāĻžāχ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻ…āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ, āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ…-āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝ⧌āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž, āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ—āĻŽā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

  1. āĻŽāĻŋ. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϰāĻžā§āϜāύ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āϏāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāϰ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻ‚-āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύāĨ¤ 1 āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 309 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϗ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ . āĻāϟāĻžÂ 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 30 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āφāϰāĻ“ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āφāϗ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāϰ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰ⧀āϤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇, āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒ⧇āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻšā§āϞāĻžāĻ‚āĻļ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āĻ§ā§āϝ. āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāϰāĻ“ āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āĻ—āϤ āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ“āφāϰāĻāϏ-āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āχ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāϏāϰ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧎ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āχāĻžā§āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧋āϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻļāύ (2020-āĻāϰ MAT 109) 11.3.2020 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ…āύ⧁āϕ⧂āϞ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ 2022 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞ āϞāĻŋāĻ­ āϟ⧁ āφāĻĒā§€āϞ (āϏāĻŋ) āύāĻ‚ 2947-āĻ āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž 4 āχ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ, 2022-āĻ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 309 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āφāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ•āϟ āϏāĻš āϝ⧇āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ…āϜ⧁āĻšāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύāĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻŽāĻŋ. āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āϞ⧋āϞ āĻŦāϏ⧁, āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āφāχāύāĻœā§€āĻŦā§€ āĻŽāĻŋāσ āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒ⧁āύāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāĨ¤ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ, āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞāϤāĻž āύ⧇āχ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āϰāĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 31 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

  1. āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĻāϰāĻ–āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧇ āĻāϤ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻžā§āϚāϞāϕ⧇ āϚāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āύāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŖ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āύāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ 16 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2017-āĻ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻšā§€āύ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋāχ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝāĻĨāĻž, (i) āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϤ⧁āĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ (ii) āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻžāĨ¤ āύāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϝ⧁āĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϰāϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ. 2017 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ WPST āύāĻ‚ 45 āĻ āĻĒāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻĻāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āĻšā§‡āϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ⧇ āφāϰ āϕ⧋āύ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞ⧇āĻžā§āϜ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āωāĻ•ā§āϤ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāϟāĻŋ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϝ⧌āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇, DA āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āφāχāύāĻ—āϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻœā§‹āϰāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻžāĻŽā§‡ āϏ⧇āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ–ā§‹āϞāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡ āϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇, āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻāĻ•āχ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āφāχāύāϤ āĻŦāϞāĻŦā§Žāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻšāϕ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 32 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻŦ⧇āϏ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ (1982=100) āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϏ āχāύāĻĄā§‡āĻ•ā§āϏ (AICPI) āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšāϞ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009-āĻāϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ AICPI-āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻŦāϕ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§‹āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻ—āĻĻ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝ āϤāĻšāĻŦāĻŋāϞ⧇ (āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ⧇, “GPF”) āϜāĻŽāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāύāĻŋāώ⧇āϧāĨ¤ āϝāϤāĻĻā§‚āϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϟāĻŋ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ—ā§āύ, āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ (āĻāχ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž) āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 14 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϞāĻ™ā§āϘāύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāρāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āϧāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āύ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϕ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϚāĻžāχāϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧀ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇? 

16.āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻ­ā§‹āϕ⧇āϟ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϰ⧇āχāϟ-āĻœā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϟ āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āφāύāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āωāĻšā§āϚāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞāĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āĻšā§‡āϟāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻāϞāĻžāĻ•āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ 

40  āĻāϰ 33 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ­āĻŋāϗ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϰ⧇āϞāĻ“āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻ‚ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ, āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāύāφāϰ. (supra) āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϭ⧁āϞ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻŦ⧁āĻāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ⧇, āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻĨāĻž, (i) āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ (ii) āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻļāύāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āϘāĻžāϟ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻž āϘāĻžāĻŸā§‡ āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āϜ⧁āĻšāĻžāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ­ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰāϕ⧇ āχāωāύāĻŋāĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻĄ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§‹āĻ• āύāĻž āϕ⧇āύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āϚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝ āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āύāĻĻā§€āϤ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϚāϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĒāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϤāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύāĻŋ āĻŦāϞāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, “āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ” āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚:  

“5.āϝāϤāĻĻā§‚āϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āϏāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻš āύ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•āϰāĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϗ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āĻšāϞ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύ⧇āχ; āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšāϞ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻ–āύ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻĻā§€āϤ⧇ āϚāϞāĻžāϚāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āϗ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 34 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāχ āϝ⧇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ (āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧀ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύ) āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇, āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāχ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāχ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻāχ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāωāϟāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϤāĻ–āύ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇, āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻāϰ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āύ⧇āχ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ…āĻ—āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻŦ⧃āĻšāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāϟāĻŋ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ, āĻāχ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧃āĻšāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻāχ āϕ⧇āϰāĻžāύāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāχ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϘāĻ­āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧇āϕ⧇āχ āĻŦ⧃āĻšāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇āύ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϭ⧁āϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ ” 

  1. āĻŽā§‡āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇āĨ¤ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻœā§‡āύ āϞāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ (āϏ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻž) āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋, āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻžāύāĻĒ⧁āϰ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϞāĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ• āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āχāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϚāĻ• āĻšāϝāĻŧ. āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇, āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāύ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ¸ā§āϟāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĻļāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻžāύāĻĒ⧁āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻŦā§€ āχāωāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧇ āϏāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻžāύāĻĒ⧁āϰ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŽāϤāϭ⧇āĻĻ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāĻŽāϤ⧇āϰ āχāωāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻļāĻšāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻžāύāĻĒ⧁āϰ āχāωāύāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϰ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ 35 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ, āĻ•āĻžāύāĻĒ⧁āϰ āχāωāύāĻŋāĻŸā§‡ āύāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻž āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āϚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ DA āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āϊāĻ°ā§āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āχāύāĻĒ⧁āϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻĢāϞāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ āϰ⧁āĻĒāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āϰāϝāĻŧāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ DA-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§‚āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āϧāϰ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤Â 

āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋, āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ•āĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āωāĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āχāωāύāĻŋāĻŸā§‡ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻā§āϝ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĨ¤ DA-āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰāĻļā§€āϞ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāύ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻ¸ā§āϟāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĻļāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ DA āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āϝāĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻŽā§‹āĻĄ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāύāĻ•āĻŋ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āϚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϝāϤāĻĻā§‚āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āϤāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāϭ⧇āĻĻ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ–āϰāϚ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ āϏ⧂āϚāϕ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāĻŋāϤ, āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ, āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ⧎ āĻāϟāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻāĻ• āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏ āϝ⧇ āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϰ⧇āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧇āϰ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽāχ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāĨ¤Â 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 36 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āϝāĻ–āύ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻ ā§‹āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻžāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇, āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĢā§€āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻžā§āϚāϞ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϤāĻž āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽā§‡āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĒāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋, āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύ⧇ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŽāϜ⧁āϰāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧇ āĻāĻ•āχ āϏāĻžāĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āύāĻžāĻ“ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻŦāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧇āϰāχ āĻšā§‹āĻ• āύāĻž āϕ⧇āύāĨ¤ āϏāĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇, āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ DA-āϤ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻžāϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻž āφāĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāϤāĻž āĻāϰ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇, āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 309 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž, 2009 āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖāϝāĻŧāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ 2-āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϟāĻŋ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŽāϤāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž 3(āϏāĻŋ) āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ “āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ” āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĨ¤ DA āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāύāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϝ⧌āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŋāϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύāϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāĻ°Â  āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāϤāĻž āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āωāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āϗ⧇āĻœā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻĻāĻŋāύ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ 

40  āĻāϰ 37 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇ 1690-F āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āϏāϚāĻŋāĻŦ, āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻ™ā§āĻ— āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āϤ⧇ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻšā§‡āϤāύ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āχāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϤ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ, 2006 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 31 āĻļ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ, 2008 āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āωāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāϰ āĻĢāϞāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2009 āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāϖ⧇āϰ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§‹ āύāĻ‚ 1691-āĻāĻĢ-āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸā§€āĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž 1 āϞāĻž āϜāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀, 2006 āϏāĻžāϞ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻ. āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§‹ āύāĻ‚ 1692-āĻāĻĢ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– 23 āĻĢ⧇āĻŦā§āϰ⧁āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ⧀ , 2009āĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻ•āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāϤāĻž āύ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ ā§§ āϞāĻž āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ– āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĨ¤  

āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ, 2008 āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 536 (1982=100) āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻ—āĻŖāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĨ¤ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻĒā§‚āϰāϪ⧇ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚/āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āφāĻļā§āϰāϝāĻŧ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇, āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇, āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϤāĻžāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞāϤāĻž āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ AICPI 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ DA āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ/āύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĨ¤ āϰ⧇āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ 5 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇, āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ…āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ 6 āϤāĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āϤāύ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›ā§‡Â 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 38 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧁’āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž, āφāĻ•āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāϘāĻžāϤāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāχ āύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 

19.āϝāϤāĻĻā§‚āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāϟāĻŋ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ—ā§āύ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāχāĻŦā§āϝ⧁āύāĻžāϞ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āφāϚāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻļāύ āĻŦ⧇āĻžā§āϚ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇āϰ āϰāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāχāύāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰāĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāχāύ⧀ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇, 2009-āĻāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻ™ā§āĻ—āϞ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻŽā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŦ⧇āϞāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 536 (1982=100) āĻāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĨ¤ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ ROPA āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻŋ, 2009 āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ AICPI-āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϕ⧋āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻž āϕ⧋āύ āĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ—āĻŽā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇, āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻ—āϤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 14 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώ⧁āĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚āϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāϗ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āφāχāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āĻŽāύ⧋āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§€ āύāχ āϝ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻŋ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ—āĻŽā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻāĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ—ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ ā§€ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻļā§āϰ⧇āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϚāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ AICPI āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ 

40  āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ 39 āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž

DA āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϟāϰ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝ⧁āϰ⧋, āϏāĻŋāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšā§€āϤ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϘāϟāύāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāϏāĻžā§Ž āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏ⧇āχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āĻāχ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇, āύāĻŋāω-āĻ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āώāĻŽā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻšā§‡āĻ¨ā§āύāĻžāχ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϰāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧇āϰ 14 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻĒāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϤāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻāχ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļ⧇āώ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ­āĻžāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϰāĻžāĻœā§āϝ āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāχ āϜāĻžāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϚāĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ-āĻāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āĻĒ⧇āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāχ āύāĻžāĨ¤Â Â 

20.āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦ⧇āφāχāύāĻŋāϤāĻž āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāχ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ, āϰāĻŋāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āϝāĻž āϏ⧇āχ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤Â Â 

  1. āĻāχ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϜāϰ⧁āϰ⧀ āĻĢāĻŸā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻ…āύ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ, āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āφāύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž āĻŽā§‡āύ⧇ āϚāϞāĻž āϏāĻžāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡ā§ˇÂ Â 

 (āĻšāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāύ, āĻœā§‡āĨ¤)

āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž 40 āĻāϰ 40 

ŠKamaleshforeducation.in (2023)

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